Why companies sometimes face difficulties in raising finance

Why companies sometimes face difficulties in raising financeTopic Explain what sources of finance are available for small to medium sized companies and explain why they sometimes face difficulties in raising financeIntroductionDue to the establish of modern effort system and soundly in structural reforms of commercialise economy, there are lot of opportunities contained in the market, but it is also existing many unexpected take a chances, particularly for the small to medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) which has limited resources to resist in this treacherous purlieu. To survive and adapts to the environment for a SME is to maintain its advantage in meticulous daily management and even much important is to have a long-term view strategic call ining especially in pecuniary strategy. A good finance strategy whoremaster inspection and repair SME to set up and expand their operations, development and also coronation (OECD, 2006), further to get funds which make them competitivel y and crapper get rise up results they desired (Park, 2010). Making a finance strategy is very significant to a bon ton company has to consider both of internal condition and international environment trouble and even more factors which are cerebrate to company. However, the SME has its particular characteristic, it is non fitted to adopt the same action with a large company they better to create a strategy which fits to the company according to its demand. Finding a proper financial strategy for a developing SME, not exactly can help SME to reinforce its essence, the more important is the sustain great power of its development.Define companyThere is no accurate interpretation for small to medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) and most of countries square off it according to specific condition by their way. Nevertheless, there are some particular characteristics (Bank of England, 2001 Brookfield, 2001) about SMEs and they areThe enterprises are not quotedOwnership is often comm itted between family and shareholder and the business is typically restricted to few individuals.Most of SMEs are small groups business and always achieve self-employment effectively.In the past, the definition for SMEs from European Commission was unequivocal, it was defined by individual country, for instance, Germany regulated the amount of employee under 250 was part of SME, but in Belgium, the number was became 100. However, in the recent years, the data from European Commission shows that the definition has adjusted and is qualified as a SME by some criteria (see figure 1-1) (European Commission, 2010) in headcount, turnover and eternal rest sheet total.Figure 1-1 the definition of a small firm from European CommissionImportance of financeNowadays, the enterprises finance is facing a dynamic, diversification and complicated managing environment. Managing finance is not unaccompanied to provide a specific rule or device for a firm it is to assimilate the principle and manner from strategic management. Start from the view of adapting to the environment and using the vantage, to pay much attention in financial long-term problem and strategic problem. In the situation of lacking of the resources for SME, to create a suitable financial strategic and well dominate the limited resource is significant since a better financial systems can help to amend the probability of boffo innovation and bring accelerate economic growth.(King, et al., 1993)The focus of enterprises financial strategy is the basic path on future development, goal and goal accomplishment for the financial action this is the difference between financial strategy and other strategies. The master objective of enterprises financial strategy is reasonably to assemble, dominate and use its resources, tend to balance and flow enterprises detonator, also to build the essence competitive strength and to achieve the maximization of enterprise value in the end. Some aspects of this goal are related/ connected to each other from the view of a long-term performance, to seek the enterprises sustainability growth in financial resource and capability, and furthermore to accomplish the rising of enterprises outstanding value and make enterprises financial capability can sustained, quick and healthily increase, conduce to maintain and develop enterprises competitive advantage.While enterprise building the core competitive strength for their strategic management, they need the support from financial management. The financial management which treats groovy management as a significant content, it demand to extend the requirement for enterprises strategy and to guarantee its practice. The value of practicing the financial strategy is to retain a health condition in enterprises finance and also effectively in controlling the financial risk.There are twelve types of pay and growth in SMEs and it can be very usefully and provided a great help if it is supplied properly according to SME s particular requirement (Brookfield, 2001).Initial owner finance (Equity finance)Business angel fundingTrade creditLeasingFactoring approximate jacketShort-term bank adds (Debt finance)Medium term bank loansMezzanine financePrivate arrangingsPublic equityPublic debtA company should manage its financing structure in a way that its debt and equity are in balanced manner. This fact helps company to avoid insolvency. Excess of either debt or finance could result in loss of wealth. I will be explaining some of the important methods of financing in following section.Equity financeEquity financing is that the shareholder sells the part of corporate control to introduce the new shareholder by raising the uppercase (Watson, et al., 2007). The enterprise does not need to pay the please on pass if the capital is received from equity financing and the new shareholder can share the profit from enterprise as well. Equity financing includes stock issuance, allotment and debt for equity sw ap. Some features of equity financing, areStock equity is firms first right of its property, it is the base for enterprise to absorb the civil obligation and to responsibility for firms own profits and losses furthermore, it is also the base for investor to control the enterprise and to distribute the profit.Equity financing is the base of deciding an enterprise to the outward debt.Certainly, there are some advantages of equity financing that help enterprise in investment and management.Equity financing builds a good system in corporate governance structure, which consists of shareholders meeting, board of directors, Board of supervisors and executives. It is effectively in decreasing the risk of management.In the modern finance theory, stock market is also called on the barren(p) market it means that the standardization financial products are dealing in a trading area with an extensively institutionalization. It has its criterion and processes it in the condition of discipline revelation and fare dealing. In financial translation, the more important is publicity and availability of information and that is why the stock market is better than loan market in both competitiveness of capital price and publicity of information.Venture capitalVenture capital is the fund which is collected by private placement and set as the type of organization invest to unlisted small and medium-sized newly emerging enterprises and in the capital type of both high risk and high reciprocation. Venture capital is different from mutual fund, unit trust and securities investment fund it has its features in operating of investment and collection, such as,Venture capital absorbs the reckon with enterprise the venture capitalist needs to cooperate closely with entrepreneur and help the firm to make a plan. Management is part of investment.Venture capital is an investment in long-term and poor flowability venture capitalist and entrepreneur become a common destiny once they invest.Ve nture capital is high risk and requires the venture capitalist with specialized skill, and need to achieve specialization and programmed in choosing the project, tend to avoid the risk.Before inspect the financial index, the venture capitalist pays more attention in market prospect, development strategy and managing quality.Sharing the bonus from enterprise is not the purpose of venture capital, they make it as a return by increasing the capital when they are exiting the time for exiting is always when go on public or sell it.Debt financeDebt financing is also called bond financing, it is the way which the firm can raise money for enterprises external finance and debt can also be conducted and fitted to the requirement of issuing companies and investors (Watson, et al., 2007). It is include long-term bank loans, short-term financing (such as bills, debt receivable, and letter of credit), enterprise Bond and short-term financial bonds, also long-term bond financing, finance lease, d isplace government loans, government loan, Loans from international financial organizations and private bond fund.The first expense enterprise needs to pay is the interest of capital which receives from debt financing and the principal on the debt will be paid to creditor at maturity (Davis, et al., 1994). The feature of purpose for debt financing is to solve the problem of deficiency in working capital rather than the expenditure under the capital account. Debt financing can be described by two features,The received capital from debt financing is only for using, it is not the property of the enterprise, and the firm needs to pay interest and the principal is repayable.Compare to equity financing, except some specific situations that debt financing may bring creditor the problem of intervention or controlling, otherwise it is barely to have the problem of corporate control.However, debt financing has its advantage for helping the firm in investment and management,The lenders have ab ility to collect and analyze the states of investment, also can have long-term investigate and oversee the enterprise to avoid the moral hazard.The function of the creditors right is when firm can pay off the debt, the firm will hold the corporate control, whereas of the enterprise cannot offer the debt, the corporate control will be turned to lender.Why do SMEs find financing a problem?Due to SMEs small size capital, the capability for defending the market risk is not as strong as a large firm, plus a faulty finance system, it causes the problem into SMEs finance management (Pissarides, 1999). The main reasons and problem areNo criterion in SMEs finance accounting systemIn application of finance system in SME exist some problems, which make loose financial control. A loose inventory control can lead to the stagnation of capital and excessive final inventory the capital of final inventory always in a high proportion if compare to sale revenue. The firm usually loses a large number o f assets due to focus on capital much more than assets and even wastes it seriously moreover, to control the finished products, semi-manufactured goods and low-value expendable without a faultless system.It is negligent in managing the cash and weakness in debt receivableSome of enterprises think that it is good to hold cash (including bank deposit), and better to have more the proportion of reserve is too high, it makes lot of capital cannot really run in operation, and also causes the capital idleness. In addition, some firms invest too much in real estate and lead to finance difficulty due to could not handle the emergent need of management. Also deficiency in managing working capital creates problems problem capital withdrawal.Difficulty in funding, the capital is insufficientIt is not easy to run the SME in a practically environment, especially the unequal treatment in funding between SME and larger enterprise. The banks are not instinctive to loan to them, particularly the di fficulty in guarantee and lack of the specialized agency to offer the assurance service is still the main problem for SME and it patently happens in some huge investments.Unrestraint in investmentThe SME is lacking of the ability to analyze the investment accurately and to evaluate the effectiveness of operating the capital. The majority of investment in SME is from banking, due to the respectability of a SME is not as high as a large company, it is an obstacle in attracting the banking to invest or loan to the SME.The mode of management is retrospectiveMost of SME is running the business as a family workshop they are operation the management in a backward way and an old-fashioned thinking way, do not understand and even not willing to understand or learn the modern financial management. The proprietor always treats the enterprise as an extension of familys property in order to control the business entirely without decentralize the ownership, it causes the lost of the opportunitie s in growing.ConclusionSMEs impart an important role in the general macroeconomic environment, and provide the enormous opportunities for employment. However, due to the small size and limited source, usually SMEs has to face to the challenge in financing problem. For solving the problem, the major impact is from government and the law (Industrial Systems Research). In existing policy has to be adjusted by government the government needs to reinforce the related law and regulation to implement SMEs development strategy and preferential clause. Furthermore, have to set up the institution for managing and supporting SMEs development. To increase the method for financing SMEs need to respect the debt from bank and to pay back the debt on time then to healthy the internal system and raise the handling of material. Lastly, to improve accountants structure and criterion of financial management enhance the punishment for the illegality to makes they pay attention in financial system.